Which best describes alternative dispute resolution?

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) refers to processes that are used to settle disputes outside of the traditional court system. This approach emphasizes voluntary participation by all parties involved, allowing them to seek resolution in a way that is often more efficient and less formal than litigation.

The essence of ADR is that it includes various procedures—such as mediation, arbitration, and negotiation—that parties agree to utilize to resolve their disagreements. By doing so voluntarily, the parties exert more control over the process and often can tailor the resolution mechanisms to fit their specific circumstances. This flexibility in approach is one of the hallmark features of ADR, allowing for creative solutions and often leading to mutually satisfactory outcomes.

The other options do not accurately reflect the fundamental nature of ADR. For instance, the notion that ADR is a process mandated by law does not capture its voluntary nature; although certain disputes may require some form of ADR before litigation, the choice to engage in it is typically made by the parties. Similarly, ADR does not constitute formal litigation, nor is it merely a tactic to delay decisions; rather, its goal is to resolve disputes in an expeditious and collaborative manner.